Comparative Drug Utilization of Antimicrobial Agents in Medical and Respiratory Intensive Care Units of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in South India
1, 1, 2, 1
- 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore-575 028, INDIA.
- 2Department of Pharmacology, Father Muller Medical College Hospital, Mangalore-575 002, INDIA.
CORRESPONDENCE
B Sajeev Kumar
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore-575 028, INDIA.
Volume 9, Issue 2 · pp. 123-130 · 2016 · DOI: 10.5530/ijopp.9.2.11
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Drug Utilization Evaluation play a key role in managing healthcare system to understand, interpret, evaluate and improve the prescribing, administration and use of medications.Objective: To evaluate and compare the drug utilization of antimicrobials in Medical and Respiratory Intensive Care Units so as to include restriction policies.Methods: A prospective, observational study was performed on 209 prescriptions. The total number of drugs, dose, route, sensitivity pattern and cost were collected from in-patient records. The Defined Daily Dose/100 bed days of the most frequently prescribed antimicrobials was also calculated.Results: Out of the 1046 drugs prescribed in the Medical Intensive Care Unit, 167 antimicrobials were prescribed with an average of 2 drugs per prescription. The average length of stay was 4 (±1.4) days. Frequently prescribed antimicrobials were ceftriaxone, amikacin and clindamycin. The DDD/100 bed days for those drugs was 22.2, 6.9 and 5.9 respectively. The widely prescribed combinations were piperacillin+tazobactam and cefoperazone+tazobactam. In only 23% of the cases sensitivity test was performed. The most prevailing organisms were E.Coli (53%) and Acinetobacter sps (23%). Colistin and meropenam were the most sensitive antimicrobials for most microorganisms. In Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, out of 1024 drugs, 163 antimicrobials were prescribed with an average of 2 drugs per prescription. The average length of stay was 4 (±1.4) days. Ceftriaxone (40%) was found to be most commonly prescribed drug followed by clindamycin (17%), levofloxacin (12%) and meropenam (11%). The generally prescribed combination was piperacillin+tazobactam (30%). The DDD/100 bed days was found to be high. In only 20% of the cases sensitivity test was performed. Acinetobacter sps was the most frequently isolated pathogen and all microorganisms were sensitive to colistin.Conclusion: There is a need of anti-microbial agents usage guidelines and restriction policies for the rational prescribing of antimicrobials in critically ill patients.
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Benjamin, B., Kumar, B. S., Udaykumar, P., & Swamy, V. N. (2016). Comparative Drug Utilization of Antimicrobial Agents in Medical and Respiratory Intensive Care Units of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in South India. Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 9(2), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.9.2.11
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